The phrase "a test for selection" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts where you are referring to an assessment or evaluation process to choose candidates or options.
Example: "The company implemented a test for selection to ensure they hired the most qualified applicants."
Alternatives: "an assessment for selection" or "a selection test".
Likelihood ratio tests (LRTs) compare the maximum likelihoods of pairs of nested models, and when the models differ in whether they include codons under positive selection with ω>1, then the LRT is a test for positive selection [ 27, 28].
Motivated by the power of tests for natural selection that exploit the constraints imposed on coding sequences by the genetic code, I sought to develop a test for natural selection on regulatory regions that takes into account the specific constraints on these regions: binding by transcription factors.
A test for positive selection was implemented using likelihood ratio tests that compare models pair M1a/M2a (Yang 2007).
The "integrated haplotype score" or iHS, described first in [ 42], was employed here as a test for directional selection.
We note that this test is more a test of variable dN/dS ratios among lineages than a test for positive selection.
As can be seen, this approach does not lead to spurious rejection of the null hypothesis and in fact is highly conservative in a test for negative selection.
Fisher's exact test (which is a test for positive selection), performed on the cob and cox1 protein coding genes, was not significant for all analyzed genes (Table 1).
Two LRTs were used as a test for positive selection, M1a against M2a and M7 against M8, each using a χ2 distribution with two degrees of freedom [ 25, 27].
Although this approach cannot be considered a formal test for selection, it can be used as a preliminary test to identify genomic regions harboring genes controlling plant growth habit.
