The phrase "a table on which" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when describing a specific table that serves as a surface for something, often in a more formal or literary context.
Example: "She placed the vase on a table on which the sunlight streamed through the window."
Alternatives: "a table that" or "a table where".
The attic was basically one big pile of red armchairs, bar a table on which sat an old PC.
After being ticked off the roll, each walked over to a table on which there were two stacks of folded paper ballots, one for Emmanuel Macron and the other for Marine Le Pen.
In one corner was Dániel Erdély, a Hungarian, next to a table on which were displayed several light blue objects about the size of a cricket ball, ridged with intricate, swirling patterns.
About eighty people in folding chairs faced a table on which there were three laptop computers.
A typical gig features Bastien performing behind a table on which his machines are arranged.
One sits at a table on which lies a mysteriously suggestive hand mirror, a traditional attribute of Venus.
For instance, the elderly lady in Figure 2 is shown in homely surroundings, seated in a big, comfortable-looking armchair next to a side table on which stand a lamp and a cordless phone.
He motions us to sit down at a rickety table on which a single bread roll shares space with a pile of books and papers, and a big old mobile phone which startles him every time it rings.
We sat in front of a coffee table on which a shrivelled little charcoal-gray stick of a salami hung suspended from an arc-shaped wire on a base.
Aboard the train, guests discover spacious, wood-paneled suites, each with a bed, two upholstered lounge chairs and a writing table, on which is set a bud vase with a rose.
I was standing by a billiard table on which there was one ball.
