Moreover, we recently carried out an in vitro elegant and simple model of the HSC niche using normal CD34+ totipotent cells and expanded endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with low-risk MDS or healthy donors, as a surrogate of an important component of the HSC niche, the endothelial cells.
In the absence of noise, Patlak returns the exact value of α 0, whereas NA represents a surrogate of the trapping component which is in a linear relationship.
Further the reconstructed demographic history of M2 lineage as a surrogate of earliest settlers' component revealed that the demographic events with pronounced regional variations had played pivotal role in shaping the complex net of populations phylogenetic relationship in Indian subcontinent.
Further, we acknowledge that although BC was used as a surrogate of TRPs, the most toxic component of TRPs is still unknown, so BC may not fully represent the most toxic aspect of TRP exposure.
The demographic history of M2 lineage as a surrogate of the middle/early upper Palaeolithic component of Indian populations was reconstructed using Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) [ 23]. Figure 3 (panel 'A') shows the BSP of M2 lineage produced using 76 complete mtDNA sequences along with plot (panel 'B') using only coding region.
Most studies rely on ambient concentrations of a PM chemical component as a surrogate of the combined exposure to one source (Stanek et al. 2011).
As a surrogate measure of many components of social support, it does not include a direct measure of resource deprivation for example, or the amount and quality of social contacts, and does not include subjective measures of perceived support or loneliness.
In summary, the three most important conditions for epidemiology to arrive at a conclusion concerning a potential risk of an agent are as follows: It must be possible to measure (at least by a surrogate marker) the component of the agent that is related to the risk.
We have manufactured several microtexture designs on a surrogate femoral component, and experimentally demonstrate that the microtexture reduces friction between the surrogate femoral component and tibial insert.
Using the proposed procedure, a surrogate with seven components has been identified to emulate the physical and chemical characteristics of a real non-oxygenated gasoline fuel, RD387.
