Each item is scored on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The scores for the subscales are given by the sum of the corresponding items, and the total score is computed by a summation of all items.
The variable includes a summation of all items purchased directly by household or indirectly (such as output from own production activities, batter exchange, transfer/remittances etc).
Within each of these 4 domains, an index was created by counting all responses, and a total score was a summation of all items.
This justifies the use of a single score as a summation of all items.
This trust measure is a summation of five items that are adapted from a longer trust instrument to ask the patient's view of doctors in general [ 39].
In addition to these overall summary fit statistics, individual person- and item-fit statistics are presented, both as residuals (a summation of individual person and item deviations) and as a Chi Square statistic.
In addition to these overall summary fit statistics, individual person- and item-fit statistics are presented, as (a) residuals (a summation of individual person and item deviations), (b) as a chi-square statistic, and (c) as an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the residuals summed across the main effects of class intervals.
The overall QoL score is formed by a summation of scores from the 8 items, with higher scores indicating better QoL.
Therefore a continuous atypical specifier was constructed (At-IDS): a summation of the scores on the items mood reactivity, the highest score of either weight gain or increase in appetite, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, and interpersonal rejection sensitivity (score range 0 - 3, total score range 0 - 15).
Scoring by summation of items is logical, provided the items being summed are reflective of a single dimension of interest.
Data from a cross-sectional survey of 548 elderly individuals were analysed in terms of assumptions of summation of items, floor/ceiling effects, reliability and optimal cut-off score by means of ROC-curve analysis and compared with self-reported insomnia criteria.
