Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
a substantial affinity
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "a substantial affinity" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to describe a strong connection or similarity between two entities, ideas, or individuals. Example: "The research revealed a substantial affinity between the two species, indicating they share a common ancestor."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(3)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
6 human-written examples
Intrinsic fluorescence study reveals that the concerned gemini surfactants have a substantial affinity for PSA at a pH well above its isoelectric point.
Science
Fabp3 is expressed in mature neurons in the dentate gyrus (our unpublished results) and reported to have a substantial affinity to ARA [31].
Science
In 48 out of 100 RSC-DNA complexes only one extruding DNA end could be resolved, suggesting a substantial affinity for DNA ends.
Science
However, it retains a substantial affinity for HP that might result from the stabilization of the complex through the collaboration between the conserved BBXB motif in the core of the chemokine and the remaining positive charges in the yet highly cationic C-ter domain.
Science
These findings confirmed that etanercept has a substantial affinity for rabbit intra-articular TNF-α.
Science
The selection of the anti-Id scFv, performed by three rounds of panning of the synthetic ETH-2 scFv library on immobilised trastuzumab F ab′ 2 fragments (Ab1), resulted in a substantial affinity enrichment of the library on either trastuzumab or human IgG1 F ab′ 2 fragments (used as a control) as checked by ELISA using the recombinant polyclonal phage supernatants.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
53 human-written examples
Here, we engineered a tandem repeat construct (SRC2) showing substantial affinity for α2,6-sialylated N-glycans (in the order of 10−6 M in Kd), almost comparable to a natural α2-6Sia-specific lectin from Sambucus sieboldiana (SSA).
These studies found that Diva does not show "substantial affinity" for any BH3-derived peptide, including Bak and Harakiri.
Science
Of all the human UGTs, only UGT1A10 was found to have substantial affinity to DA [ 140], but there is no UGT1A10 expression in the brain [ 140] that could be responsible for the DA-glucuronides found there [ 135].
For example, both rat and human proteins bound to sialylated sugars, but the former recognized a broad range of biantennary structures (e.g. ligands 143, 219, 255 and 199), whereas the latter recognized only one of these with substantial affinity: ligand 143.
Our finding that Puma does not bind Bcl-B with substantial affinity leaves only Bim to bind tightly to all six prosurvival proteins, hence making it the only universal apoptotic initiator among the BH3-only proteins and most potent prosurvival antagonist.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "a substantial affinity", ensure the context clearly indicates what the affinity is for. Providing specific details enhances clarity and avoids ambiguity. For instance, specify the molecules, ideas, or individuals involved.
Common error
Avoid using "a substantial affinity" when describing a weak or superficial connection. Overstating the intensity can mislead your audience and undermine the credibility of your statement.
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "a substantial affinity" functions as a noun phrase, where "substantial" modifies the noun "affinity". As Ludwig AI confirms, it is used to describe a significant degree of likeness or connection. Examples show its use in scientific contexts to denote strong binding or attraction between molecules.
Frequent in
Science
68%
News & Media
25%
Formal & Business
3%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
3%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "a substantial affinity" is a phrase used to express a significant connection or similarity between entities, as confirmed by Ludwig AI. It is grammatically correct and most frequently found in scientific and news contexts. While "substantial" emphasizes the degree of affinity, related phrases like "a strong attraction" or "a considerable liking" offer nuanced alternatives. When using this phrase, ensure the context clearly identifies the entities and the nature of their affinity. While authoritative sources employ the phrase, it's crucial to avoid overstating the connection and ensure that it accurately reflects the relationship being described.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
a considerable liking
Replaces "affinity" with "liking", suggesting a preference or fondness rather than a deeper connection. Also replaces "substantial" with "considerable" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a significant inclination
Uses "inclination" instead of "affinity", implying a tendency or predisposition. Also replaces "substantial" with "significant" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a marked fondness
Substitutes "affinity" with "fondness", indicating a feeling of affection or warmth. Also replaces "substantial" with "marked" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a strong attraction
Replaces "affinity" with "attraction", emphasizing the pull or allure of something. Also replaces "substantial" with "strong" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a notable connection
Replaces "affinity" with "connection", focusing on the link or relationship between things. Also replaces "substantial" with "notable" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a considerable resemblance
Uses "resemblance" instead of "affinity", highlighting similarity in appearance or nature. Also replaces "substantial" with "considerable" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a significant relationship
Replaces "affinity" with "relationship", focusing on the bond or association between entities. Also replaces "substantial" with "significant" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a marked similarity
Substitutes "affinity" with "similarity", emphasizing the shared qualities or characteristics. Also replaces "substantial" with "marked" but doesn't change the phrase meaning.
a deep-seated connection
Replaces "substantial affinity" with "deep-seated connection", to imply strong and persistent affinity.
a profound liking
Replaces "substantial affinity" with "profound liking", to imply a liking beyond the superficial level.
FAQs
How can "a substantial affinity" be used in a sentence?
You can use "a substantial affinity" to describe a significant connection or similarity between two things. For instance: "The study revealed a substantial affinity between the two proteins."
What are some alternatives to "a substantial affinity"?
Some alternatives include "a considerable liking", "a significant inclination", or "a strong attraction". The best choice depends on the specific context.
Is it more appropriate to say "substantial affinity" or "strong affinity"?
Both "substantial affinity" and "strong affinity" are correct, but "substantial" emphasizes the degree or amount of the affinity, while "strong" emphasizes the intensity or power of the affinity. The choice depends on the nuance you wish to convey.
What does "a substantial affinity" imply about the relationship between two things?
Using "a substantial affinity" suggests that there is a noteworthy and significant connection or similarity between the two things being described. It implies more than just a superficial resemblance or casual link.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested