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We found that the PA stocks 32.8 million m3 (627 m3/ha) of standing trees with a stumpage value of about $19.1 million364 $4 $/ha), 64.3 million tCO2e (1230 tCO2e/ha) of carbon worth of $379.5 million $7257/haand and 6380 tons of nutrients worth of 0.64 million USD.
Several researchers have adapted the template to work best in their situation, such as: modifying timber prices from a stumpage basis to a mill basis; adding more product classes; or adding more analyses of land or other factors.
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The stands with a low unit growing stock are generally affected by less frequent but more intense exploitation, because the higher logging costs must be shared by a large amount of wood to guarantee a favourable stumpage value.
The initial leases were for 99-year terms, with the landowners receiving a share of stumpage in lieu of rent.
Now that extraction costs have risen, a reduction in this stumpage fee could address the burden faced by the licensee.
Using detailed case-study materials, we consider what happened to a 'tribal' villager in Ranchi District, Jharkhand, when he sought permission to cut down 10 jack trees on his private land with a view to selling them at the point of stumpage or to a government timber depot.
This means that a company that has purchased stumpage will hand over all harvesting aspects to the helicopter logging company, including the felling.
Major assumptions are: average mean annual increment of 20 m3, non-commercial thinning at years 4 to 5, second commercial thinning at years 8 to 9 with a yield of 67 m3/ha (stumpage value of RM23/m3), production at final harvest at year 16 of 180 m3/ha (stumpage value of RM126/m3) (Johari Baharudin 1987).
Dan Evans, manager of log exports for British Columbia's government, points out that stumpage fees cover only a small portion of what it costs a Canadian company to send lumber across the border.
United States requests for a role in monitoring the shift to higher "stumpage fees" were rejected as an intrusion on Canadian sovereignty.
³ Data on annual harvest, increment and stumpage are given as a percentage of the respective data in the preceding forest inventory period.
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