The phrase "a strong bystander effect" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when discussing the psychological phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present.
Example: "The study revealed a strong bystander effect, indicating that people were less likely to intervene in emergencies when they were in a group."
Alternatives: "a significant bystander effect" or "a pronounced bystander effect".
Importantly, a strong bystander effect operates and, with only 5% of cells transfected, high levels of total cell kill (>90%) were observed (McNeish et al, 1998) with similar efficacy in vivo (Weedon et al, 2000).
To date, a single study [ 12] has described the use of this enzyme for GPAT applications, but the originality of this system resides in the fact that the toxic component resulting from the conversion of the prodrug is a gas (cyanide) that can freely diffuse into the adjacent cells, inducing a strong bystander effect.
Moreover, the proportion of cells killed (approximately 100%) was greater than the transfection efficiency of the glioma cells (<80%), illustrating the strong bystander effect of the HSVtk/GCV therapeutic strategy.
In these studies, intratumorally or intravenously injected NSC vectors expressing a therapeutic transgene, such as the suicide gene thymidine kinase (TK), are demonstrated to significantly suppress the growth of various solid malignant tumors via strong bystander effects [ 1– 4].
When the HeLa cells expressed functional Cx26 channels, a substantial bystander effect was seen at 6 h, and at 24 h of coculture the bystander effect was greater than that seen upon coculture with parental HeLa cells (P<0.01).
Since 5-FU is capable of nonfacilitated diffusion across cellular membranes, the CD/5-FC strategy generates a potent bystander effect.
The CD/5-FC system is regarded more efficient than the HSVtk/GCV system for its stronger bystander effects [ 22].
Among the SC-based prodrug therapy, the CD/5-FU system showed stronger local bystander effect than the herpes simplex virus- (HSV-) thymidine kinase (tk)/ganciclovir (GCV).
Pinpointing the actual mechanism responsible for a bystander effect forms a major challenge.
Therefore, immunization with a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine could exert a bystander effect on the presence of H. influenzae.
More specifically, we will first focus on a version of the "State-Vector Model" including bystander-induced apoptosis of initiated cells, which was successfully fitted to in vitro data on neoplastic transformation supporting the hypothesis of a protective bystander effect mediated by apoptosis.
