Ross (2005a) argues that groups of neurons thus modeled should not be identified with the sub-personal game-playing units found in Ainslie's theory of intra-personal bargaining described earlier; that would involve a kind of straightforward reduction that experience in the behavioral and life sciences has taught us not to expect.
As we will show in the next section, this modification allows for an easy decoupling of the membrane potential and adaptation variable, and therefore a straightforward rate reduction of the model.
A straightforward dimensionality reduction approach on input matrix data by means of orthogonal transformations can be carried out by stacking matrix columns into a single vector, as follows: χ ( k ) = ( x c 1 ( k ) ) ⊤, ( x c 2 ( k ) ) ⊤, …, ( x cT ( k ) ) ⊤ χ ( k ) ∈ R 1 × FT (1).
When working with Ca2+ spiking traces, we found a straightforward noise reduction method [40] was able to remove the background activity and preserve the spikes in agreement with qualitative inspection from experimentalists.
Thus the measured levels of Cu Zn SOD activity in these mutant lines are not consistent with a straightforward additive reduction of activities of the two Cu Zn SODs.
While there is a widely shared consensus among the participants in the debate that there is no simple straightforward reduction of collective intentional attitudes to a set of individual intentional attitudes, the question of what exactly is collective about collective intentionality is highly controversial.
Clipping is one of the most used techniques for PAPR reduction due to its simplicity and its straightforward reduction gain.
According to this view, our talk about mental states should be interpreted as talk about abstracta that, although real, are not candidates for straightforward reduction or elimination as the result of cognitive science research.
On the other hand, developed nations declare straightforward reduction targets in total greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, e.g. the United States commits to a reduction of total GHG emission of 26 28% in 2025 compared to the 2005 levels, and Japan aims to reduce total GHG emissions by about 26% by 2030 compared to a base level of 2005 2013.
