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This observation has been validated across different platforms and across a spectrum of coverage (Supplementary Fig. S1).
The proportion of SNP matching dbSNP across a spectrum of coverage levels was calculated and found to increase appreciably from 4 to 14 reads and then plateau afterwards through 30 reads per variant (Additional file 3: Figure S3).
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The development of novel antimicrobials is expensive and slow and typically focuses on selective inhibition of proteins encoded by a single pathogen, thereby providing a narrow spectrum of coverage.
We try to keep a broad spectrum of coverage here at CrunchGear, but ultimately, we're all geeks inside.
A recently developed 10-valent pneumococcal non-typable H influenzae protein D-conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) offers a broad spectrum of coverage against Spn strains including serotypes 1, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F.
This spacer normally contains 3 g vancomycin and 2 g gentamicin per sachet of Palacos®R (Heraeus Medical), which provides a broad spectrum of coverage for organisms commonly encountered with deep periprosthetic infections while reducing the development of resistant strains [ 1].
Unless there are other contraindications (such as severe allergies to beta lactam antibiotics), penicillins (including penicillin V and amoxicillin) or cephalosporins (if a broader spectrum of coverage is clinically indicated) should remain the first-line antibiotics if S. pyogenes infection is suspected clinically.
For example, the activity spectrum of antimicrobials was ranked against Gram-negative bacteria, with DE defined as a switch to or discontinuation of a drug class with a less-broad spectrum of coverage [ 5].
"No change" was defined as when empiric therapy was maintained without modification, "Escalation of therapy" was defined when there's a switch to or addition of an antibiotic with a broader spectrum, and "De-escalation" when there's a switch to or interruption of a drug class resulting in a less broad spectrum of coverage.
Microbiological assessment showed that infection or colonisation by P aeruginosa was not significantly different, both in trials assessing antibiotics with and without an anti-pseudomonal spectrum of coverage (1.06, 0.66 to 1.71, four trials; and 0.89, 0.62 to 1.28, seven trials, respectively).
However, one potential adverse impact of the much broader spectrum of coverage provided by a fluoroquinolone/β-lactam combination is the selection of highly resistant nosocomial (hospital-acquired) pathogens, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is the first cause of superinfection in intubated patients.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com