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Additionally, the specific enlargement at the tips of astrocytic processes in a form of intensely GFAP-positive "terminal swellings" was found in advancing NDP in human HD brains (grades 3 and 4).
If the maintenance of heterodimerisation depends on this new surface, then positive selection should be detected at this specific enlargement on the stem lineage of Mecopterida.
Importantly, among these positions, arginine Arg426 in helix H9 is known to be involved in the Mecopterida specific enlargement of the heterodimerisation surface [ 8].
The arginine Arg426 is involved in the Mecopterida specific enlargement of the heterodimerisation surface, while the Arg399 was predicted to form an electrostatic interaction with ECR in the ancestral Mecopterida model [ 8].
Hence, the soldier-specific enlargement of MdMNs was generally recognized.
The soldier-specific enlargement of mandibular motor neurons was observed in all examined species in five termite families that have different mechanisms of defense, suggesting that such neuronal modification was already present in the common ancestor of termites and is significant for soldier function.
In species of Nereis, morphological changes include enlargement of the eyes, enlargement of a specific number of parapodia, replacement and alteration of setae, and development of an anal organ (rosette) for the emission of sperm.
Conjunctival lymphoid follicles (CLFs), present in normal individuals, undergo hyperplasia upon conjunctival infection by a specific array of pathogens; infection-associated enlargement of draining preauricular lymph nodes suggests that conjunctival follicles participate in the afferent limb of acquired immune responses for the ocular surface.
It is a specific condition characterized by fibrofatty tissue enlargement and bony overgrowth with resultant loss of function due to overgrowth of a part of a limb.
A second finding is that a specific combination of three fatty acids produces enlargement of a python's heart, intestines, liver and kidneys.
This "rescue" experiment suggests that the enlargement of spine heads is a specific consequence of TRIM3 knockdown, and not an off-target effect of the shRNA.
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