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Whether the internal sequences of target proteins adopt a specific conformation in the bound state remains to be determined.
Together, the data reveal that His-104 is in a specific conformation in the ACD dimer at pH 7.5 that is stabilized through an H-bond.
How oligo mer size precisely relates to the disease process has not been clarified and recent work shows that the wide range of Aβ oligomers may have a specific conformation in common.
In the aqueous intercellular environment, many antimicrobial peptides are believed to adopt extended or unstructured conformations, although this may not be the case if there are intramolecular bonds present, which will ensure a specific conformation in a variety of environments due to induced rigidity.
This result is surprising given the ability of Vt Y1065F to bundle F-actin in vitro, but it could indicate the F-actin bundles formed by vinculin need to be tightly attuned to the correct efficiency or require a specific conformation in order to transduce the signals to attain a cellular stiffening response.
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Tyr2225 in kβ6 has to be positioned in a specific conformation if TOR is to bind ATP.
The model would further predict that oligomerization is required per se (independent of exact size) and that a specific conformation needs to accumulate in the Aβ oligomer fraction in correspondence with toxicity.
Although a specific conformation is not observed in the crystal structure itself, this does not preclude the possibility of a rotation in solution of the E47 R556 side chain to contact the central base A. The basic helix of SCL appears however to be less flexible and less likely to adopt the specific conformation (i.e., rotation of the R197 side chain to contact the base of C∗).
Given that the BIFC assay traps aSyn oligomeric species in a specific conformation we next asked whether stabilized aSyn oligomeric species increased overall aSyn cytotoxicity in H4 cells.
One of these, conformational thermostabilisation, could in theory facilitate structure determination of other membrane proteins by improving their tolerance to detergents and locking them in a specific conformation.
It is known that GFP reconstitution via BiFC stabilizes the protein-protein interactions of the proteins involved [22] which, in the case of aSyn, is useful because it traps the oligomeric species in a specific conformation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com