Second, these operations produce a graded estimate of sound direction, not a spatially tuned response.
We propose a novel design of an artificial robot ear for sound direction estimation using two measured outputs only.
After the audio stimulation, subjects pointed to the sound direction with a hand-held laser (with the experimenter correcting pointing height for the first few trials).
We demonstrate that there is insufficient information in the pooled activity of each hemisphere to estimate sound direction in a reliable way consistent with behavior, whereas robust estimates can be obtained from neural activity by taking into account the heterogeneous tuning of cells.
In order to predict the individual HRTFs of different sound directions, it requires a separate regression model for each sound direction.
However, varying the number of sources does not affect the precision scores as much (if at all), which implies that once a sound source direction is reported, it is highly likely that it is an actual sound source.
Sound direction is determined not by the physical location of a sound source, but by the length of time it takes for particular frequencies to reach the ears.
Thus, these features provide effective sound cues to estimate sound direction using the measured two output signals.
Ms. Kael was reputed never to see a film more than once, yet she seemed to remember everything, from lighting and costumes to writing, sound, direction and performances.
