Although many antidepressants appear to be fairly safe, studies have reported links between maternal use and a small increased risk of some fetal malformations.
Earlier studies had found a small increased risk of breast cancer among women taking estrogen and progestin, but the risk was attributed largely to the estrogen.
Nonetheless, a small increased risk is generally cited for these couples to account for unusual situations, such as chromosomal translocations or gonadal mosaicism, described below.
2004 The second W.H.I. hormone study is stopped one year early because women taking estrogen only show a small increased risk of stroke.
About 1% of the population has coeliac disease, a serious genetically linked autoimmune disease in which the small bowel is inflamed and made leaky by gluten, causing diarrhoea, weight loss, anaemia, osteoporosis and a small increased risk of bowel cancer.
There is also mixed data on antidepressants' causal link to miscarriage, preterm birth, and low birth weight, and there is some support for a small increased risk of a lung condition called persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn.
Taking certain painkillers daily for some years carries a small increased risk of heart attack and stroke, research has suggested.
However, French and US experts have said there appears to be a small increased risk of this kind of rare cancer with any brand of implant.
Clinical studies have reported changes in hemostatic parameters in women taking menopausal hormone therapy (HT) and a small increased risk of venous thromboembolism.
Indeed, findings of two large long-term follow-up studies have indicated a small increased risk for the incidence of brain cancer and leukaemia in patients who underwent a CT when they were very young [2, 3].
One of the new gene variants identified by the Washington University School of Medicine team was also shown to be linked to a small increased risk of developing Alzheimer's and a greater risk of cognitive decline.
