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However we will see soon that heat conduction in the steel strip in the direction of the x-axis is very small, which means that the term involving (frac {partial ^{2} u}{partial x^{2}}) can be neglected everywhere except in a small boundary layer near x=L.
Our model enables the slab to subduct by imposing velocities in a small boundary region so that the number of finite volumes needed is smaller than that required for a complex slab rheology to achieve subduction-like features, such as the narrow low viscosity shear zone (Billen and Hirth, 2005).
They concluded that a free fluid in contact with a porous medium flows faster than a fluid in contact with a completely solid surface, and a small boundary layer develops near the interface within which viscous shear forces are important and the tangential velocity of the fluid does not vanish.
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True, Dresden was delisted as a site in 2009, but that was a rebuke to the city, not Germany's government; a game park in Oman had the same fate in 2007 after the government wanted to drill for oil and tried to obtain a smaller boundary.But Mr Saakashvili's rebuilding of Bagrati is a new, head-on challenge to UNESCO's ideas.
The River Lea was a smaller boundary than the Thames, but it was a significant one.
For both tasks, we expected participants to show a smaller boundary separation in the speed than in the accuracy condition (i.e., a speed accuracy trade-off).
In higher stress environments, earlier heading promotes escape from higher temperatures and summer droughts and narrower leaves promote a smaller boundary layer and higher sensible heat transfer, promoting improved temperature regulation.
Reduction in individual leaf area is often a consequence of water deficit, but may also provide an adaptive advantage, due to a smaller boundary layer, allowing for more efficient dissipation of heat through convection and conduction when water stress leads to stomatal closure and a subsequent reduction of evaporative cooling.
We thought it was a par score because it was a good pitch, small boundary on one side and a fast outfield.
This partially answers an open problem in dynamical systems that asks whether a minimal free action of an amenable group has the small boundary property if its space MG(X) of invariant Borel probability measures forms a Bauer simplex.
The resulting ground truth baseline is then used for quantitative comparison of several boundary detection methods including a local application of the image region adjacency analysis and the computation of the local convex hull with the addition of a perturbation value to overcome small boundary concavities in the node location point set.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com