For the phase segregation, a singular problem arises in the phase momentum and the two-phase k−ε equations when one phase fraction approaches zero.
Here we remark that a solution to a singular problem may not lie in the space C [ 0, 1 ], but it should depend on the singularity in some sense.
The conference also underscored that for all the technological advances in behavior-tracking, data-mining and payment processing that have made it easier and quicker than ever to buy online, the key to successful fashion e-commerce lies in solving a singular problem: how to re-create the feeling of shopping a bricks-and-mortar store to a digital storefront.
To avoid the complexity of solving a singular problem, the starch addition rates are expressed in terms of the broth volume, which is used as a control variable.
4 A singular problem "Agreement" or "concord".
A special numerical treatment is introduced to the phase momentum equations and the turbulence equations, which avoids the singular problem in case of phase segregation.
Different from traditional TSMC, this paper accomplishes finite convergence time for more general high-order MIMO systems and avoids the singular problem in the controller design.
A strategy of the mesh movement is based on the work by Li et al. [R.Li, T.Tang, P.W. Zhang, A moving mesh finite element algorithm for singular problems in two and three space dimensions, Journal of Computational Physics, 177 (2002) 365 393].
Ren, X.P. Wang, An iterative grid redistribution method for singular problems in multiple dimensions, J. Comput.
The numerical experiments show that our methods can accurately resolve detail features of singular problems in 3D.
