Reviewer #1: Here the authors record from optogenetically-identified SERT+ neurons in mice performing a simple odor-based discrimination task in which different odors predicted reward, punishment, or very low probability of reward (termed neutral).
The data suggest that participants were not able to consciously distinguish between test and control odors, and therefore rule out simple odor discrimination as an explanation for amygdala activation in response to the STRESS−EXERCISE contrast.
In consideration of this model, we expect that training flies to avoid one simple odor will recruit relatively few neurons, whereas the vastly more complex natural olfactory environment should engage large overlapping KC arrays.
Let us consider a simple model of odor processing in which there is a very large number of odor stimuli and a large number of associated odor receptors.
Odor neutralizers are a simple and affordable way to reduce or eliminate odors from smaller enterprises of just a few plants.
Although we have only considered a simple action potential rate code, odor receptors display a large diversity of response kinetics and adaptation (de Bruyne et al., 2001; Hallem and Carlson, 2006).
Mice were initially trained on a simple discrimination (SD) where two odors were each paired with only one type of medium for odor-medium set-shifting, or vice versa for medium-odor set-shifting.
In a third, control paradigm (the + condition) subjects experienced non-differential conditioning (simple reinforcement): a single odor at ph = 0.1 or 0.9 was reinforced with the sucrose reward.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06651.009 We tested first- and second-order neurons in the Drosophila olfactory system with a wide range of dynamically varying odor concentrations and constructed a simple 2D LN model for the temporal processing of olfactory information.
Here, an odor response is no longer a simple stimulus response property but rather dependent on previous activation.
