With respect to SLI, at least two prominent theories rely on phonological deficits: either as a mediator between disrupted auditory processing and broader language impairment (Tallal and Piercy, 1973; Tallal, 2003), or in the form of a verbal short-term memory deficit affecting morphosyntactic processing and lexical learning (Gathercole and Baddeley, 1990).
One patient presented with an isolated short-term memory deficit.
One subject presented with an isolated short-term memory deficit.
Two individuals presented with an atypical form of progressive supranuclear palsy and two others with either severe postural imbalance or an isolated short-term memory deficit.
All patients had four or more of the following neurocognitive symptoms: impaired cognitive functioning, slowed processing speed, sleep disturbance, short-term memory deficit, fatigue and symptoms consistent with depression.
However, the short-term memory deficit is not specific to spatial information in GluA1−/− mice [7,8].
Recent studies could link mutations in JARID1C/KDM5C, an H3K4 demethylase, to short-term memory deficits in female humans (Simensen et al, 2012) and to mental retardation (Rujirabanjerd et al, 2012).
By contrast, homozygous deletion of the closely related Pcaf gene does not show gross abnormalities, but leads to short-term memory deficits and an exaggerated response to acute stress and conditioned fear, associated with increased plasma corticosterone levels (Ref. 31).
They show a number of DS-relevant phenotypic features, including short-term memory deficits and abnormalities in long-term potentiation (LTP) (10, 12).
Non-word repetition is considered to be a measure of phonological short-term memory, leading to the proposal that short-term memory deficits may underlie some aspects of language impairment (reviewed in [ 56]).
