Participants (N = 61) completed a shifting task once with and once without concurrent painful heat stimulation after an optimism or neutral manipulation.
Additionally, the opportunity cost of task shifting needs be incorporated into an evaluation, because a cadre that has shifted tasks will no longer be able to perform its original tasks.
Participants were trained on a computerized set shifting task before entering the scanner to ensure that performance deficits were not attributable to misunderstandings about sorting criteria or the concept of sorting itself (Stuss et al. 1983).
In an affective attention shifting task (i.e., affective go/no-go), medicated (Murphy et al. 1999) and unmedicated (Erickson et al.
'Task shifting' is being positioned as part of the solution, with the WHO recently releasing a guideline on shifting tasks to health workers with lower levels of formal education.
This is an important advance -- shifting tasks to nurses and thus expanding the reach of community-based health care.
If migrants and natives are imperfect substitutes, then high migration may induce both groups to shift tasks in a team or workforce setting (Peri and Sparber 2011; Lewis 2012).
We adopted the following definition of task shifting by Callaghan et al 14: "the process of shifting tasks to a variety of health workers; including nurses or new cadres in prescribing of medications and medical testing, as long as it is a streamlined, rationalized chain of care".
The Malawi Ministry of Health has taken an initiative called "task shifting", which implies "shifting tasks among and between cadres of health workers and to trained members of the community including people living with HIV".
Likewise, retrosplenial cortex lesions did not impair a strategy shift task in an automated chamber, which involved switching from visual-based to response-based discriminations and, again, included a reversal (Experiment 2).
This approach is based on triage and a shifting of the tasks among health care professionals.
