Sentence examples for a set of duplication from inspiring English sources

We represent evolutionary relationships between a set of duplication blocks as a directed acyclic graph (DAG), and we formalize the evolutionary reconstruction problem as an optimization over the space of DAGs.

Here we propose a model that is in agreement with the Nishida's idea and predicts that the extant biosynthetic routes might have emerged after a set of duplication events involving the genes of the ancestral common pathway.

Here, we formalize the problem of computing a segmental duplication evolutionary history for a set of duplication blocks in the human genome with respect to either a parsimony or likelihood criterion.

Given a set of duplication blocks 𝒟, the maximum parsimony evolutionary history is the DAG G = (𝒟, E) that minimizes f(G) = ∑ Y ∈?? d(P G (Y), Y).

Given a set of duplication blocks 𝒟, the maximum likelihood evolutionary history is the DAG G = (𝒟, E) that maximizes the likelihood: where Z P G XX )(k ) and Q k ) P G (Y ) are the partition function and restricted partition functions, respectively.

The whole body of data obtained in this work suggests that primordial cells synthesized leucine, lysine, and arginine through a single common metabolic pathway, whose genes underwent a set of duplication events, most of which can have predated the appearance of the last common universal ancestor of the three cell domains (Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucaryotes).

It is only at the beginning of the mammalian radiation that this ancestral steroid receptor underwent a set of duplications, giving rise to all the family of mammalian steroid receptors and their role became essential in mammalian development and reproduction.

Benchmarking on reference-free metagenome datasets would have resulted in a set of duplicate clusters and an expected duplication rate but would give no indication of the accuracy of each method for duplicate detection.

A duplication history is a sequence of duplicate events that first builds up a set of seed duplication blocks by duplicating and aggregating duplicons from their ancestral loci and then successively constructs the remaining duplication blocks by duplicating substrings of previously constructed blocks.

As discussed in the previous section, the Spn77B gene cluster in melanogaster, represents a set of recent duplication events, the Spn88Eb gene corresponds to a recent duplication in the melanogaster sub-group and the Spn43Ad gene is missing in D. willistoni.

We analyzed a set of 391 duplication blocks identified by Jiang et al. (2007) that were represented as signed strings on an alphabet of ≈ 11 000 duplicons.