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Understanding the development of this regional landscape since the break-up of Gondwana is a first order step towards resolving regional epeirogenesis.
The simplest, chemically and thermodynamically satisfactory model of oscillatory behaviour involves only two variables but requires a third-order step: If the third-order step is replaced by consecutive second-order reactions then a 3-variable scheme is produced.
The ratio of kcat/ KM is, however, a relative estimate of the slowest second-order step k3 (the rate for substrate association, which corresponds to the reduction of compound II to resting enzyme 19) in the catalytic cycle.
Each increment involves a second-order interpolation step augmented by iterative error reduction.
The underlying finite-difference solver for the filtered incompressible Navier Stokes equations is based on a second-order fractional step method on a staggered grid.
It is based on a second-order fractional step scheme in which diffusion-convection terms are advanced without enforcing the incompressibility condition and the resulting intermediate velocity field is then projected onto the space of discretely divergence-free vector fields.
Convection terms are explicitly handled using a second-order multi-step scheme.
For waveguides with slow range dependence, the piecewise range-independent approximation is used to derive a second-order range stepping method for this one-way re-formulation.
A second-order accurate time-stepping scheme for stochastic differential equations (SDE) is found to improve PMC relative to Euler time stepping, which is the first time that a second-order scheme is found to be beneficial, when compared to a first-order scheme, in an LES/PDF application.
A second-order Taylor Galerkin time-stepping scheme has been chosen for the temporal discretisation of the flow equations whilst an implicit theta method has been used for convection diffusion equations.
In our study, a new tracking control algorithm is developed by introducing a second-order filter at each step of the design.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com