It was found that by decreasing the DC from 1 to 0.1, the rough structure of the film with a lot of particles was obtained.
The rough structure of lotus leaves (hills and valleys template) causes a reduced contact area with water.
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were endowed with high FIR emissivity via optimizing the content of far infrared nanoparticles (FIPs) and the typical multi-level rough structure of fibrous membranes.
The fact that the cells attached to the crystalline structures more readily than to the overall material surface and developed numerous pseudopodia can be explained by the rough structure of crystals, and by the chemical composition of these crystals.
The atomic force microscope(AFM) images indicated that the small-grained, smooth and continuous film structure of the CeO2 film is more favorable for the in-plane biaxial texture development than the large-grained and rough structure of the YSZ film.
It is found that the low surface energy and rough structures of coatings work together to lower the adhesion forces between the particles and surfaces.
The stability of the low surface energy coating on the surface of PVDF was interpreted by the strong mechanical interlock interaction existing between the rough surface of PVDF and the continuous rough structures of the coating.
The purpose of this study is to introduce a phenomenon of the creation of a double rough structure on a substrate.
In theory, construction of a hierarchical rough structure with low surface energy are two indispensable parameters for the formation of superhydrophobic surfaces, which are characterized by a water contact angle greater than 150° and a water sliding angle less than 10° (Kim et al. 2011; Li et al. 2010; Wang et al. 2011a).
It was found that the MAO method was suitable for Ti 6Al 4V to form a ceramic coating in electrolytes of Ca-GP and CA, and the oxide films displayed a porous and rough structure on the surface of films.
