Specifically, we found robust negative associations between manganese, chromium, and molybdenum and SBP or DBP.
Several PM2.5 metal constituents, including nickel, zinc, magnesium, strontium, lead, and arsenic, had robust positive associations with SBP, DBP, or PP, whereas manganese, chromium, and molybdenum had robust negative associations with SBP or DBP.
A subset of PM2.5 constituents, including carbonaceous fractions (organic carbon and elemental carbon), ions (chloride and fluoride), and metals/metalloid elements (nickel, zinc, magnesium, lead, and arsenic), were found to have robust positive associations with different BP variables, though robust negative associations of manganese, chromium, and molybdenum with SBP or DBP also were observed.
Using both firm and year fixed effects, we document a robust negative and economically meaningful association between the G-Index and Tobin's Q.
These data indicated LUADT1 is a robust negative regulator of p27.
Turning to the central issue of the relationship between governance and firm valuation, we find a robust statistically significant negative association between poor governance and firm valuation over the 1978-2006 period.
Indeed, robust evidence shows a negative association between SCZ and RA; although, the exact mechanism is unknown [ 1, 136- 138].
aTest for ordinal association using Gamma coefficient (+indicates a positive association; -indicates a negative association).
Some find a positive association, some a negative association and some find no association at all.
It also had a significant negative association with negative affect and neuroticism.
