A Salmonella-suspected colony on the BGA plates was expected to be only the nalidixic acid-resistant challenge strain, whereas on the XLD plates, colonies of both the challenge and vaccine strain were able to grow.
The seroreactivity of 1 rat suggests that these animals should be examined more carefully as potential sentinels; rats are known to be relatively resistant to challenge with virulent type A organisms (11 ).
As shown in Fig. 4A, flies in which Defensin was overexpressed using the UAS-Gal4 system prior to the immune challenge were resistant to a M. luteus challenge, even though phagocytosis had been inhibited by LXB injection (compare wt+LXB to hsp*UAS-Defensin+LXB).
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the major opportunistic virus encountered after transplantation, and resistant variants challenge antiviral treatment.
The majority of the CIP-R E. coli isolates were multidrug-resistant, posing a challenge for therapeutic options.
Mice injected with the ovalbumin-delivering vector developed ovalbumin-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes and were resistant to a subsequent challenge with an ovalbumin-expressing melanoma.
In murine studies and other NHP studies, anti-ZEBOV NAb were low or absent yet the animals were resistant to a ZEBOV challenge [35] [37].
In a study conducted by Haziot et al, CD14-deficient mice were not only resistant to a lethal challenge (5×106 cfu) of Escherichia coli 0111 B4, but also had a 27-fold lower level of bacteremia in the blood [49].
Therefore, understanding the mechanisms through which a fetus growing in a nutrient-rich environment becomes insulin resistant is a major challenge.
Most mice that rejected Ptgs1/Ptgs2 −/− cells were resistant to a subsequent challenge with unmodified parental BrafV600E melanoma cells, implying the development of immunity to shared target antigens and excluding a scenario of cancer immune privilege driven locally by tumor-derived prostanoids.
Although protection against CyHV-3 is proportional to the titer of specific antibodies during primary infection, immunized fish, even those in which antibodies are no longer detectable, are resistant to a lethal challenge, possibly because of the subsequent rapid response of B and T memory cells to antigen restimulation (37).
