When field data are difficult to obtain, an expert knowledge-based model can be used as a replacement for the data-based methods.
The hereby obtained data matrix is then used in the least squares estimation as a replacement for the original data matrix Ψ.
The lament is about replacing a replacement for the replacement.
It has also been implemented on the COMPASS experiment as a replacement for the old PDP-11 based data acquisition system and as a test bed for MAST.
Dictionary learning (DL) is utilized as a replacement for the use of a fixed dictionary for representing data.
AES, in full Advanced Encryption Standard, a data encryption standard endorsed by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a replacement for the Data Encryption Standard DESS).
While Wi-Fi is a replacement for the network, Bluetooth is a replacement for peripheral cables.
Process data are not a replacement for coverage data, but ensure a standardised proxy can be used immediately.
"We don't see open data as a replacement for freedom of information," he explains.
It is important to recognise that supertrees should not be regarded as a replacement for exhaustive phylogenetic studies of the primary data and there are drawbacks to the methods (see Discussion).
