Supported Wisteria floribunda plants had a lower relative allocation to roots, but were also larger than unsupported plants (Sakai and Suzuki, 1999).
Likewise, in pot-grown 2-year-old Wisteria floribunda (Fabaceae), availability of support caused an increase in relative allocation to stems and a decrease in allocation to roots, but no effect on allocation to leaves (Sakai and Suzuki, 1999).
However, we did not find evidence for an increase in the relative allocation of resources towards oogenesis since the relative reproductive investment made in embryos or adults early in life did not change in outcrossed hermaphrodites.
Search costs strongly favor physiological over behavioral resistance when defended hosts are randomly distributed, but have a low impact on the relative allocation to each resistance mode when defended hosts are spatially aggregated (Fig. 4B and 4C).
These variables were chosen because they represent a measure of total biomass produced, the relative allocation of biomass to roots and shoots, and the vitality of the plant tissue respectively.
As a result of reductions in plant size and/or relative allocation to reproduction, flower and fruit production and the number of seeds that are matured may decrease with decreasing light availability (Niesenbaum 1993; Cunningham 1997; Kato and Hiura 1999; Cao and Kudo 2008).
In contrast, looking at the relative investments in each adaptation mode gives a different picture (Fig. 3): a major result of this study is that the relative allocation to behavioral adaptation is maximal when defended hosts are rare and spatially aggregated (Fig. 3B).
Grain size/mass was a primary target in the domestication of many crops, whereas relative allocation of resources to grain compared with biomass (harvest index) has accounted for much ongoing progress in crop yield improvement (Miller and Kebede 1984).
Condition index (CI), which relates the flesh weight to the amount of shell, is an important measure of the physiological status of mussels and the relative allocation of resources to tissue or shell growth [57], [58].
Without a measurement of actual food consumption, it is difficult to determine ingestion rates and relative allocation towards metabolic requirements.
