Exact(5)
The provision of extension services is a recognised approach to supporting decision-making by NIPF owners but there have been relatively few studies that have sought to quantify the effectiveness of such initiatives in terms of management outcomes.
The use of PPP adjustments is a recognised approach [29], but it would have been advantageous to look at cost variation across sites using primary data.
Prospective surveillance is a recognised approach for measuring death rates in humanitarian emergencies.
Our assessment also highlighted that most papers failed to describe a recognised approach to analysis, although many appeared to use a thematic approach.
A recognised approach to validation is to estimate the regression coefficient on the PI or risk score in the validation dataset [ 4, 12], sometimes known as the 'calibration slope'.
Similar(55)
Data were analysed using a recognised systematic approach.
An exploratory qualitative approach is a well-recognised approach to investigating a new area (Bryman, 2004; Bryman and Bell, 2007).
Although contact with authors is a well-recognised approach in systematic reviews, 21 a survey of review authors indicated that many systematic reviewers do not do so because of poor response rates and variability in the quality of information collected this way.
Hence, we chose to use another recognised approach, dividing proportionally the number of events and total population of the shared usual care group between intervention arm comparisons, avoiding 'double-counting' while still allowing exploration of heterogeneity across differing interventions [23].
17 A well-recognised approach is the assessment of global outcome by the 'overall treatment effect' (OTE) approach, where the patients is asked at intervals during, or at completion of the treatment, whether symptoms have remained the same, improved or deteriorated compared with pretreatment phase.
These threats should be addressed using recognised approaches, including appropriate choice of comparators, detailed understanding of the change processes at work, careful specification of research questions, and the use of falsification tests and other methods for strengthening causal attribution.
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