The contributors view bounded rationality neither as optimization under constraints nor as the study of people's reasoning fallacies.
I do, however, disagree with his attempt to provide post hoc justifications for supposed reasoning fallacies in terms of 'content-neutral' norms.
This latter result is not surprising; these items largely test common thinking and heuristic biases (Stanovich and West, 2008), and these reasoning fallacies seem difficult to overcome.
The notion that "50 million Elvis fans can't be wrong" is a classic example of the Argumentum Ad Populum fallacy, of which Dawid's reasoning may be another example.
Argument (1), besides giving a tendentious characterization of a miracle, exemplifies a fallacy in probabilistic reasoning, assuming that if F entails ~E and E is evidence for H, then F is evidence against H, which is not in general true.
It took all of half an hour for Djokovic to expose that reasoning as fallacy.
The brain is simply the wrong context for the use of mental vocabulary the search for mental states of the brain is therefore a category error or a sort of fallacy of reasoning.
Strictly speaking, petitio principii is not a fallacy of reasoning but an ineptitude in argumentation: thus the argument from p as a premise to p as conclusion is not deductively invalid but lacks any power of conviction, since no one who questioned the conclusion could concede the premise.
For each debacle, Gladwell tries to single out a fallacy of reasoning behind it, such as that more information is always better, that pictures offer certainty, that events are distributed in a bell curve around typical cases, that clues available in hindsight should have been obvious before the fact and that the risk of failure in a complex system can be reduced to zero.
Hitchcock (1995, 324) has, for example, written that the claim that we should teach good reasoning by fallacies is "like saying that the best way to teach somebody to play tennis without making the common mistakes … is to demonstrate these faults in action and get him to label and respond to them".
