The dye effluents contain a range of dyes; the decolourization of a single dye does not adequately indicate the suitability of the biomass for wastewater treatment.
Laccase in one of the important lignin degrading enzymes, demonstrated to decolorize a range of dyes and toxic industrial effluent in earlier reports (Nyanhongo et al. [2002]).
A range of dyes incorporating the benzotriazole group has been specifically designed to achieve this and they have proved successful labels for obtaining very sensitive analysis.
The result has shown that a range of dyes used on velvets of the two groups has overall shown a difference, despite there being no type of major dye used exclusively with either the Safavid or Mughal velvets.
Previous reports have shown that incorporation of the maleimide group into extended π-systems gives a range of dyes with fluorescence quantum yields (Φ f) of up to 100%, emission maxima ranging from 460 680 nm, and often large Stokes shifts (>100 nm).
The appropriateness of a range of fluorescent dyes, for labelling LDH nanoparticles to enable biological tracking, has also been investigated.
A broad substrate specificities of azoreductases were reported from alkaliphilic Bacillus badius, Aquiflexum sp., and neutrophilic Lysinibacillus sphaericus against a range of azo dyes and nitro compounds (Misal et al. 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015).
In addition, it is able to convert ferulic acid much faster than the wild-type enzyme (21% vs. 14%) and is far more efficient in decolorizing a range of industrial dyes.
It is quite possible to expand the method to demarcate and isolate DNA (or, for that matter protein) bands of interest using different ranges of gel concentrations (4%-20%) where a range of tracking dyes can be used to demarcate a given DNA band of interest.
(19) We tested a range of fluorescent dyes (MCA, TAMRA-550, AlexaFluor-647, Chromis-645), and the best results were obtained with a Gurken-derived 15-mer peptide, labeled by the Chromis-645/QSY21 FRET pair at the C-terminus and P5 position, respectively.
Dye loading was similar for both the amine (SWNT NH2 AF555) and aldehyde (SWNT 4FB AF568) functionalized materials, with a range of 0.03 0.1 mmol of dye per gram of SWNTs, calculated spectrophotometrically.
