Exact(4)
The hallmark of this syndrome is a proportionately short stature, cortical thickening and medullary cavity obliteration/narrowing of tubular bones, delayed closure of anterior fontanelle, eye abnormalities, and hypoparathyroidism [5].
Modest body length, a proportionately short neck, and downward deflection of the muzzle in Nigersaurus are conditions that characterize many diplodocoids and now represent an alternative basal condition for the clade.
It is possible that early diplodocoids had a proportionately short neck (130% or less of back length), down-turned muzzle, and possibly also a modest body size (10 meters or less).
A proportionately short neck (130% or less of the dorsal series) and modest body length of 10 meters or less characterizes nearly all rebbachisaurids [3] [10] and dicraeosaurids [17], [23], [24] in contrast to the longer neck and larger body size in diplodocids (Figure 4, scaled body icons).
Similar(56)
Little Cuckoo is most similar in appearance to Squirrel Cuckoo (Piaya cayana), but is much smaller and has a proportionately shorter tail.
In all plumages, Harpy Eagle is larger in overall body size, bill size, and in the thickness of the tarsi, but has a proportionately shorter tail.
MP3s, however, were a way of dramatically shrinking music files, so they took up about a tenth as much space and a proportionately shorter download time.
Adaptive perfection by Fisherian gradualism requires long periods of time wherein "… a very slight selective effect acting for a correspondingly long time will be equivalent to a much greater effect acting for a proportionately shorter time" (R. A. Fisher 1921, in correspondence with S. Wright, quoted in Provine [1986], p. 247).
It differed from the Rodrigues rail, its closest relative, in having a proportionately shorter humerus, a narrower and longer skull, and having shorter and higher nostrils.
First, both possess a jugal that extends posteriorly beyond the level of the posterior border of the infratemporal fenestra ([ 2]: character 72; Figures 1 and 4E), whereas T. dabanensis appears to retain a plesiomorphic, proportionately shorter posterior process of the jugal, although confirmation of this character is complicated by poor preservation of this region [ 12].
The length of the tail varies, being proportionately short in button quails, rails, and trumpeters and rather long in mesites, finfoots, and the sun bittern.
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