These values were determined as the difference between the mean of the simulation standard error estimates of the population mean for each double sampling estimator and the mean of the simulation standard error estimates obtained using simple random sampling, expressed as a proportion of the mean obtained using simple random sampling.
Scatter plots are drawn, against the target-auxiliary variable level of correlation, of the difference between the mean of the simulation estimates of the standard error of estimates of the population mean for the estimator concerned and the mean of the standard error of estimates obtained when simple random sampling was used, as a proportion of the mean from the simple random sampling case.
The contribution of each fluid type, as a proportion of the mean daily total fluid volume was also calculated.
In this and previous cross-sectional studies, the amount of seasonality as a proportion of the mean ranged between 15% and 30%.
In nine studies over the past thirty years, the amount of seasonality as a proportion of the mean consistently ranged between 15% and 30% [ 1, 3- 9].
In order to control for overall fluorescence intensity variation between experiments, the fluorescence intensity for each cell line was expressed as a proportion of the mean intensity for the control group for each experiment, to give a relative intensity measurement, expressed as a percentage.
The CV is independent of the unit of measure, and is the standard deviations (SD) expressed as a proportion of the means (y), so CV = SD/y, often converted to be a percentage of the mean; but here we use it as a proportion.
The variability between kidneys was also reduced (standard deviations in measurements of area, branch number and nephron number were all only about four fifths as large, as a proportion of the means to which they applied, as they were for filter-grown controls).
The average proportion correct was 0.96 ± 0.07, and the range was 0.83 1.00 (a proportion of 1.00 means that a subject was picked the correct sample 6 out of 6 times).
Monthly predictions of residuals had a line bias (1.5%), with a proportion of square root of mean square prediction error (RMSPE) due to random error of 97.5%.
