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With the use of these bacterial strains we provide the first demonstration that, despite a progressive selection for P. aeruginosa with rough LPS during chronic pulmonary infections, loss of the LPS O-antigen does not confer phagocytic resistance in vitro.
Subsequently, a change of medium and removal of non-adherent cells allows a progressive selection of cells with an endothelial-like morphology organizing in clusters and colonies.
In contrast, however, when the pH was allowed to change after each pulse, there was a progressive selection of the cariogenic (and acid-tolerating) species at the expense of bacteria associated with dental health.
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A dynamic progressive selection of the rearranged segment in a heterologous genetic background throughout passages was indeed observed by PAGE, and still occurred – but at later passages – when disadvantageous proportions of r-RV to wt-RV were used for the initial inoculum.
While the 1D 13C spectra of fresh plant tissues well differentiated the composition of fresh pine and grass materials, the differences became negligible after decomposition and suggested a similar accumulation of recalcitrant carbon species, thus again supporting a mechanism of progressive selection of hydrophobic degradation products regardless of the plant origin [21].
Also, it can happen that the effects of a metabolite selected early on in the progressive selection process, are superseded by one selected later.
Pancreatic cancer is an extreme example of this progressive selection of patients through survival, pancreatic cancer survivors being significantly "protected" against SPC compared with the general population without cancer (SIR = 0.67 in our cohort).
A cardinal feature of human cancers is the progressive selection and outgrowth of cells that possess increasingly aggressive properties.
The effect of follow-up on SPC risk may be the result of two distinct reverse effects; on the one hand the extension of carcinogen exposure after first cancer diagnosis strengthens the risk of SPC and, on the other hand, the progressive selection through cancer survival of patients with a more favorable morbidity profile lowers the risk of SPC.
Stepwise regressions were undertaken with minimum AICc as stopping rule and the following features as selection process: forward (progressive selection of the effects) and combine (automatic selection of a first-order effect in case of a second-order one containing the same environmental factor is selected).
PCR-DGGE analysis of DNA obtained from the silt loam soil treated with dibenzothiophene-containing petrol showed the progressive selection of specific fungal bands over time, whereas this selection was not observed in untreated soil microcosms.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com