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As this was a phase II trial we did not estimate a prior sample size.
However, a prior sample size calculations was reported in only one studies, increasing the risk of false negative outcomes.
A Beta prior is equivalent to specifying a prior mean of α π / based on a prior sample size of α π + β π.
We adapted the last criterion of this scale, i.e., the power of the study, and attributed one point if the authors did a prior sample size calculation.
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The pooled within unit variance is σ2 = 0.71; thus the prior sample size estimate is σ/ σθ = 0.71/0.45 = 1.58 (a prior of 1.5 RNs).
This study was an opportunistic study arising from access to the pandemic influenza surveillance database and we did not perform prior sample size calculations.
No prior sample size determination was made due to the observational character of the present study.
Considering that α is the prior number of pressure ulcers and α+ β the prior sample size, again we can see that as y ¯ increases the prior PrU rate goes up and as s2 decreases the prior sample size increases.
This was a historically matched controlled study and, as it was a pilot to explore the effect of introducing NCs on major patient health and service outcomes, no prior sample size calculation was undertaken.
Further, recall that the posterior variance of the unit is V j * = 1/{ n j / σ+1/ σθ} = σ/{ n j + σ/ σθ} arguing that σ/ σθ is the prior sample size.
We can demonstrate the relative amount of information borrowed (on average) by taking the ratio of the prior patient days and the average patient days, ratio of prior sample size and average sample size, and the ratio of the prior RNs and the average RNs.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com