Screening through the UL/ b′ region with a panel of pre-existing FIX BAC deletion mutants (Hahn et al., 2004) ruled out UL128, UL129, UL130, UL131a, UL132, UL148a-d, C-orf23, C-orf25, and C-orf26 in regulating the TRAIL DRs (data not shown).
Indeed, using a lentiviral vector Annoni et al in a companion manuscript demonstrate independently that liver gene transfer reverses pre-existing FIX inhibitors in haemophilia B mice while avoiding the severe allergic reactions that plague current ITI protocols (that are based on IV injections of factor product) (Annoni et al, 2013).
Research on the impacts, population dynamics, and evolution of MEs is constrained by the difficulty of ascertaining rare polymorphic ME insertions that occur against a large background of pre-existing fixed elements and then genotyping them in many individuals.
This finding suggests that gene therapy induced contraction of pre-existing FIX-specific BMEM, which, in turn, decreases anti-FIX Abs producing PCs and, as a consequence, the supply of circulating anti-FIX Abs.
Efficient projection-based integrations requires a pre-existing reference (fixed) framework map with a large number of high-quality markers and nearly complete genome coverage that serves as a backbone for marker projection from the component maps.
They contrasted this with professionals, who were time-pressed, had a pre-existing agenda, had fixed hours and responsibilities, had no sustained relationship, and were mainly interested in the baby not the woman: They've actually got their heart in it.
Thus simply coupling a pre-existing proton channel, already fixed to the murein by TonB and able to transmit a shearing force to the outside of the rotor would in one evolutionary step generate a functionally beneficial protoflagellum; such coupling could in principle have occurred by modifying just one protein associated with the ExbBD complex.
Using a combination of close and distant species genomic sequence comparisons coupled with in vivo and in vitro studies, we found that a functional cholesterol-sensing sequence motif arose and was fixed within a pre-existing enhancer in the common ancestor of anthropoid primates.
She died of a pre-existing condition.
Now you have a pre-existing condition.
I was termed a pre-existing condition.
