Now we're discussing R as a new possibility to quantify the response, and this would be my first, maybe a little bit provocative, question.
One of the main challenges of clinical research focusing on nanotoxicology and nanopathology has been only a limited possibility to quantify and determine the concentration of NPs in the examined tissues, because the principle of their detection in tissues is vastly different from that of larger particles [ 16].
The possibility to quantify an emission signal is usually associated with positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, in which the tracer uptake in SUVs can be read directly from the images [30].
Our results firmly support what has already been experienced, but not systematically analysed, in clinical practice––68Ga-PET imaging is superior to 111In-octreotide scintigraphy in several ways: a higher detection rate of tumour lesions, detection of smaller lesions and the possibility to quantify the activity in a lesion with reasonable accuracy.
However, xMAP technology provides the possibility to quantify multiple proteins simultaneously in a solution phase using flow cytometry [ 21].
More recently, studies with lung ultrasound showed the possibility to quantify the recruitment, but with a subjective analysis and the inability to measure the overdistention [ 9].
Although this effect should presumably be more relevant for levels of coverage below the optimal threshold estimated by the bound optimisation level (59.6%), the possibility to quantify the incremental reduction of HPV-induced events as a function of vaccination coverage would allow to estimate more precisely the optimal allocation of resources between immunisation and coverage.
The use of a PET tracer has the advantages of higher sensitivity, better resolution and also the possibility to quantify.
The use of intravenously administered fluorescent beads is another possibility to quantify vascularisation and perfusion [17].
This investigation facilitates the evaluation of the novel approach and offers the possibility to quantify the impact of natural topology optimisation.
