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Encouraged by fellow physicists Freeman Dyson and Richard Feynman, he posited a "planar cluster" housing four billion people across 30,000km of space.
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Additionally, Piazza et al.'s [14] study provide experimental evidence that the monolayer boron sheets are achievable based on their observations of B36 cluster; it was shown to be a highly stable planar cluster with a central hexagonal hole [14].
The quasi-planar or fully planar clusters, for a change, will be often labeled as 2D structures.
Now we turn to aromaticity which, as already mentioned, is considered as the basis of stability for boron planar clusters.
The occurrence of nanostructured planar clusters is shown to be caused by the presence of excess manganese.
To examine the influence of charge on the structure and stability of the fully planar clusters, we have also studied charged 2D and 3D B12X6 (X = H, F) structures.
It has been suggested that the anomalous stability of the boron planar clusters depends on the aromaticity which arises from the delocalization of π-electrons and involves unoccupied 2p z atomic orbitals [11, 12, 14].
The atoms within the layer are likely 5- and/or 6- rather than 4-coordinated in view of the structure of planar clusters of Au [26] and the fact that gold (100) film reconstructs into a (111) film below ca. 8 atomic layers, whereas the (111) film can be thinned further layer by layer [27].
In a recent theoretical work, Szwacki et al. [14] proposed a novel planar aromatic cluster which can be obtained by hydrogenation of quasi-planar B12 cluster.
The fabrication of a planar supercapacitor based on cluster-assembled nanostructured carbon (ns-C) thin films deposited by supersonic cluster beam deposition and ionic liquid as electrolyte has been demonstrated.
Intermediate 8 – 2 corresponds to an open-cage cluster with a planar PO3 unit generated by the cleavage of the internal P-O-P bond.
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