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Second, numerical models of steel/SPS double-hull subjected to a shaped-charge jet were developed and their results for jet formation, a penetration process and a damage response were analysed and compared.
Due to diversity of agricultural materials associated with different elastic plastic properties, a prerequisite for a reasonable measurement is to preclude the effect of penetration friction component (PFC) between the penetration shaft and surrounding material during a penetration process, otherwise an additional error may be significantly induced relating to the cone penetration depth.
A penetration process can be decomposed into the following three phases (Shergold and Fleck, 2005).
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Drilling of bolt holes is a rock penetration process in which the rotary drug bit breaks and fragments the rocks to form the desired path.
Moreover, DNA electroporation through the membrane is not a mechanical penetration process, because interactions between pore and DNA are involved [6].
It does this through an active penetration process involving the secretion of discrete secretory organelles: the micronemes, rhoptries and dense granules [1].
Of note, kinetic parameters showed a significantly shorter penetration process (P = 0.0017) with a slightly faster average speed (P = 0.04) when toxofilin+ tachyzoites infected M2 cells but this was not true for Δ toxofilin tachyzoites.
However, few cases of a change in curvature before parasite withdrawal were observed and were always associated with a more advanced penetration process.
This penetrator measures in situ rigid-body deceleration and provides a measure for net resistance on the penetrator during the penetration process.
Finally, we studied the penetration process of a two-dimensional drop into a porous substrate that consists of a cluster of circular cylinders.
In situ observations of the penetration process reveal a linear propagation of the penetration front, accompanied by a continuous thickening of the wedge-shaped Ga layer in the GB.
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