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Women who have an active decision-making style are more likely to take part in studies than women with a passive decision-making style [ 8].
The results of the current study were inconsistent with previous research using the Control Preference Scale (CPS) that reported the majority of men within 0 13 weeks of receiving their diagnosis preferred a passive decision-making role (Davison et al, 1995).
Two visible outcomes, win and lose, were shown on the computer screen to each participant once an active or passive decision was made (Fig. 2a), resulting in different brain reactions and responses.
The balance of involvement between staff and service user can be conceptualised as a continuum from paternalistic or passive, (decision is made by the staff, service user consents) through shared (information is shared and decision jointly made) to informed or active (staff informs, service user decides) [ 2].
For every context where a nudge seems like a realistic option, there's at least another context where the application of passive decision support would be either be impossible - or, worse, a mistake.
In my own research group, we lump these kinds of interventions under the umbrella of passive decision support because they don't require a lot of effort on the part of a decision-maker.
Forty adult participants (25 44 years; males = 23) completed two sets of 15 balloon trials in active and passive decision making modes of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART).
Facebook apparently wants to host it, or has made the passive decision to host it because, in the end, Facebook doesn't really want to have to care about what's on the pages it hosts so long as its users spend a lot of time "poking" each other and pretending to fertilize each other's imaginary farms in "Farmville" (if you have to ask, don't).
Passive decision making seemed also to be associated with trust in healthcare professionals.
Participants seemed to value on-demand information or passive decision support, in sources easily accessed that provide timely information to specific questions in formats they find helpful.
The exceptions were active decision makers from the low mastectomy rate breast unit whose treatment preference differed from the treatment they were recommended, and passive decision makers from the medium and high mastectomy rate units who wanted more direction.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com