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For theoretical functions and relations, a particular problem arises from the idea that a theoretical term is, by definition, semantically dependent upon a scientific theory.
A particular problem arises if the job seekers' expected (potential) earnings deteriorate while at the same time their UI payments are proportional to past earnings, in which case the incentives for returning to work become weaker over time (Ljungqvist and Sargent 1998).
A particular problem arises with chemicals that have been shown to interfere with signaling from several steroid receptors.
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For instance, there was a particular problem arising from the fact that no records were available for the asylum seekers about prior medical history, treatments or procedures.
This example does not model any particular problem arising in real phenomena.
No particular problem arises from this in PCA when the goal is to compare specimens and not to test statistical significance (unlike, for example, discriminant analysis or canonical correlation) because the covariance matrix can be singular, leading to some eigenvalues being zero and ignored (see Rencher [23] for a discussion of this).
This particular problem arose in the analysis of oscillatory Riemann Hilbert problems associated with partial differential equations in the Ablowitz Kaup Newell Segur hierarchy, but is interesting in its own right as a question in harmonic analysis and oscillatory integrals.
Recently, the control system community started to study security of cyber-physical systems both under the methodological point of view and from a more technological standpoint by looking at particular problems arising in, e.g., smart grids, power grids, and water distribution systems.
The inclusion of qualitative data in systematic reviews is an area of ongoing methodological development [ 1- 3], with particular problems arising for reviews attempting to synthesise quantitative with qualitative data.
Other trials began a responsive approach once the trial had begun, often as and when particular problems arose.
Two particular problems arise.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com