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In the improved PSO-based nonlinear PID control system design, three PID control gains, i.e., the proportional gain Kp, integral gain Ki, and derivative gain Kd are required to form a parameter vector which is called a particle.
Then, using RLS algorithm, a parameter vector is calculated for each LD.
θ(n, m) = [θ1,n, θ2,m, θ3,n,m] T gathers the parameters in a parameter vector.
Let ξ i (α,t)= exp(α ′ W i (t)), where α is a parameter vector to be chosen.
This information is available in the form of a sketch or a parameter vector that encodes the shape of interest.
The Fisher information matrix (FIM) of the noisy observations y w.r.t. a parameter vector ξ is given by [39].
Subject to (2.3), seek a parameter vector ((boldsymbol{delta},boldsymbol{beta})inLambdatimesTheta) satisfying that the objective function (2.9) is minimized over (LambdatimesTheta).
They also considered the concept of the relative gain of the covariance adjusted estimator of a parameter vector discussed by Rao [14] and Wang and Yang [15].
where G(x;ξ) is the baseline cdf depending on a parameter vector ξ and α>0, λ>0 and p<1 are three additional shape parameters.
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Let us consider a generic nonlinear system, with state variables denoted by x, and depending on a parameters vector p, (9) x ˙ (t ) = f (x (t ), p ).
(Notice that we sometimes refer to a particular parameter vector as a "set of parameter values").
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