(C ) Table indicating the significance of the differences in normalized SHAPE changes between different constructs at 1 s.
In contrast, at 1 s the 354-nt RRE shows overall higher normalized SHAPE changes than all three mutants, indicating that Rev binding rate is enhanced in the context of the full-length RRE with intact Stem I region.
At 6 and 11 s, all RNA constructs behave similarly, and the normalized SHAPE changes indicate that Rev binding at Region1 and Region2 are mostly completed at those time points.
While the regression results using signal strength were always significantly better than using only the normalized shape as input (P < 0.05 in all cases, see Methods and Additional file 1, Table S2), it is clear that the distribution shape of histone marks has substantial predictive power.
The FSD can be normalized with respect to size by dividing the descriptors with the magnitude of the second component,, of the signal, yielding the normalized shape descriptor vector as (3) The DC component, u0, depends only on the position of the shape, which in this setting is of no importance and can therefore be removed, u0 = 0.
This is achieved by concatenating the variance-normalized shape and texture parameter vectors for each training sample and again applying PCA.
where is the total number of subcarriers, are data symbols, and are the symbol interval and subcarrier number, respectively, represent the translations of a single normalized pulse shape, is the symbol period, and and are the AFT parameters.
As seen in Figure 12, a normalized ART spectrum for the micro-crack shape has more distinct fluctuation compared to the arbitrary shape.
(a) Normalized silhouette images and (b) shape Fourier descriptors.
