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A negative forming voltage, which determines the conducting filament size, is reduced from 2.6 to 1.1 V with a 100-ns pulse width.
Conversely, with a negative forming voltage on the top electrode, oxygen gas forms under the underlying HfO2 layer and above Pt the bottom electrode (Fig. 8e).
By applying a negative forming voltage, the oxygen ions are pushed down towards the bottom electrode while the oxygen vacancies migrate towards the top electrode and form a conductive filament.
Similar(57)
In the UK, even positive discrimination targets are seen as a negative form of intervention.
To many Westerners, Africa has always meant bad news: the attitude is a negative form of exoticism.
Women's gossip is about inclusion, who's in and who's out; bitching is a negative form of that.
Patterns "presented during non-REM sleep led to worse performance, as if there were a negative form of learning," Andrillon said.
The south, he declared, in a fierce passage, had only allowed him "to be natural, to be real, to be myself" through a negative form of self-expression, "in rejection, rebellion, and aggression".
"Seat-to-seat chatting could lead to a negative form of social networking," said Jeanne Martinet, a social commentator who writes the missmingle.com blog.
A negative form parameter corresponds to a distribution of magnitudes that is bounded from above (by a parameter named Mmax).
Finally, they [37] obtained a negative form of the Shephard type problems for the (L_{p} -centroid bodies.
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