Model averaging accounts for model uncertainty and provides more robust inference compared with a single optimal model approach (Ball, 2001; Raftery et al., 1997; Sillanpää and Corander, 2002).
Based on lessons learned from our analysis, future surveys will be standardized in terms of timing (conducted during the transitional water season) and methodology (using our most recent field protocols) to minimize confounding factors and provide more robust inference about population trends.
Thus, GEE provides more robust inference than the other popular generalized linear mixed-effects model, as the latter imposes analytic distributions that are often at odd with the distributions of data.
In the future, the PHSkb might be able to provide more robust inference capability by integrating 1) laboratory observations with clinical findings and exposure criteria, 2) a hierarchical class structure, and 3) information on jurisdiction-specific requirements.
Additionally, to the extent that health disparities in California are presumably more substantial than the national average, 27 our data containing all the population-level inpatient records in California may yield more robust inference for local decision-makers.
Ultimate systematic consideration of underlying processes at multiple levels of organization can lead to more robust inference, even though it is necessary sometimes to start with simpler models and unrealistic assumptions about processes.
A greater number of the species might have permitted more robust inferences of positive selection on the C-terminal domain of PCSK9.
Our second objective was to develop an expansive set of SNPs that can be used for more robust inferences of population structure, construction of linkage maps, and genomic scans of selection.
As was the case for genetic inferences (above), each approach for inferring plasticity has strengths and weaknesses, and some allow more robust inferences than do others.
Each of these methods has its own strengths and weaknesses, and some allow more robust inferences than do others.
