Exact(7)
However, a more conservative effect size might have been preferable given null evidence that has emerged in the bilingualism literature since we ran the study.
Given that the setting and focus of the present study are different compared to Ferguson and Xie [ 75], a more conservative effect size was chosen.
Sample size was determined using a more conservative effect size (effect size statistic [d=] 0.25) than that used in a previous study [ 27].
We used a random effects model that accounts for interstudy variation and provides a more conservative effect than a fixed model.
As we used a more conservative effect size measure, this is a hint for the ability of the MacNew to assess changes.
The trim-and-fill technique was used to recompute an effect size which accounted for this asymmetry, yielding a more conservative effect size estimate of 0.21 (0.08 to 0.33; as shown in online supplementary figure S3).
Similar(52)
We therefore used a random effects model which regards an effect as variable across studies and produces more conservative effect estimates with wider confidence intervals [ 20].
Given the heterogeneity of the study populations, we used random effects models, providing more conservative effect estimates.
Hazards models give more conservative effect estimates than logistic regression models when the incidence of disease is high.
This may have resulted at times in more conservative effect estimates (i.e. larger confidence intervals), but may better reflect the reality, where heterogeneity exist but may not be detected because of a small numbers of studies.
Differences in the nature of the control groups between study designs could account for the more conservative effect estimated from the culpability studies, as well as from the studies of medium quality.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com