Sentence examples for a minimum constraint of from inspiring English sources
To ensure that reversal shifts were unpredictable and that subjects had established a specific response set prior to a reversal we set a minimum constraint of 5 correctly executed trials (10 before the first reversal switch) per contingency before a possible reversal, after which there was a 50% probability of a reversal per trial.
To assess the impact of using Kimberella as a minimum constraint on the age of the protostome clade, we employed a variation of calibration strategy 1 in which the next-oldest record of Protostomia and oldest unequivocal total-group mollusc, the Cambrian Aldanella yanjiahensis (532 Ma), was used in place of Kimberella.
The minimum age of this fossil was treated as a minimum constraint on the age of the stem group node using a log-normal distributed prior [ 96].
The complexity of building a minimum constraint manipulator lies in the fact that it cannot stand on its own on three ball joints.
When we used the older minimum constraint of 2.7 Ga, corresponding to 2α-methyl-hopane evidence considered to represent a biomarker of cyanobacteria [ 86], the estimated time was likewise only slightly older [see Additional file 1].
An optimization program using the genetic algorithm (ga) of MATLAB supports the design and up-scale of the Halbach magnet for HGMF applications as it minimizes the magnet material amount for the user fixed minimum constraints of magnetic flux density and open area for filter introduction.
This is not altogether surprising since, by definition, minimum constraints of clade ages anticipate their antiquity.
Arbitrary minimum constraints of >0.05 time units were also placed on the two (La Gomera, El Hierro) and the (Tenerife, La Palma) nodes, as in [ 42].
A: a minimum age constraint of the stem node of Monsteroideae (Araceae) of 110 Mya.
B: a minimum age constraint of 90 Mya to the crown node of Triuridaceae.
In previous studies this node has been used as a minimum age constraint of 68 Mya.
