Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(8)
The hybrid specimens displayed no signs of sterility, with hybrid males producing sperm during the reproductive period and hybrid females presenting normal development, with a micropyle (Stolzenberg personal communication).
We found that at all distances 0-2000 μm), the frequency with which tips moved farther from a micropyle of an ovule decreased with the incubation time of that ovule (Fig. 2B, bottom).
While the mechanisms that prevent multiple tubes from even approaching an ovule are highly efficient, it is nonetheless possible for more than one pollen tube to enter a micropyle.
To characterize how pollen tubes approached ovules, we limited the angles in this characterization to cos θ mp ≥ 0. We use these statistics to summarize how different incubation times affected the deviation in guidance represented by the Δ θ angle for pollen tubes with tips 0-50 μm and 50-100 μm from a micropyle (Fig. 2D).
To assay the amount of attraction that pollen tubes had toward an ovule, we calculated the fraction of pollen tube tips that were within a certain distance of a micropyle that grew either closer to (f closer ) or farther from (f farther ) that micropyle by the next time point (Δ t = 20 min).
Near a virgin ovule, however, growth rates decreased (1.2 ± 0.59 (s.d) μm/min (n = 20 Fig. 2a f) and the tubes often made sharp turns (Fig. 1d, arrows) within 33 ± 20 (s.d) mm of a micropyle (avg. 60 ± 38° (s.d); n = 60).
Similar(52)
Most fish sperm lack an acrosome and penetrate the egg envelope via a discrete micropyle [ 12].
Species with simple ovule structures, e.g. the unitegmic ovule and the lack of a distinct micropyle are common features in some mycoheterotrophic orchids (Tohda 1967; Abe 1976).
This tube grows through intervening tissues, through an opening (micropyle) of the egg, and enters a cell near the micropyle (synergid), in which the two male gametes are discharged.
In spring or autumn when favourable conditions return, the gemmules germinate, their archaeocytes emerge through an opening (micropyle), the various cellular types differentiate, and a new sponge grows.
The female sporangium has one or two coats, or integuments, except for an opening (micropyle) at one end; the sporangium with an integument is called the ovule.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com