Within aquaculture, genetic engineering (GE) is emerging as a powerful method for breeding of fish and shellfish, and for developing alternative sources of feed and vaccines to combat diseases.
The development of protocorms from germinated seeds and the subsequent induction of secondary protocorms or PLBs, from different tissues as explants has become a reliable method for breeding orchids.
Due to the complexities of hop secondary metabolite composition and the effects of both maturation and environmental stimuli, MAS could be a useful method for breeding hops with improved brewing characteristics; allowing direct selection of hops with improved content and quality of bitter acids and essential oils in the cone.
This genetic model was able to accurately predict flowering time of new genotypes in our future conditions, illustrating an important method for breeding and facilitating adaptation in other species.
In the second experiment, where cows were heat-stressed and where TAI was the sole method for breeding cows, there was a numerical increase in the percent of cows pregnant following insemination for cows treated with bST as compared to control cows.
The traditional method for breeding selfing crops may be described as "selfing before crossing," which delays crossing until after selection of pure lines.
As researchers tend to identify, and focus on, the genes or proteins during flowering stage, the gene study of flowering stage in moso bamboo becomes increasingly important in uncovering flowering mechanism and developing effective method for breeding.
Thus, there is a clear need to develop methods for breeding to preserve wild stocks and facilitate the selection of economically important traits.
Traditional methods for breeding strains with tolerance of extreme condition are difficult to apply without genetic tools because of many of such strains are not readily purely cultivated in liquid or agar medium.
