The top, middle, and bottom panel refer to, respectively, the normalised (by the mean acceleration a ¯ ), relative, and scaled (by f defined in equation (4)) acceleration errors.
The algorithm first calculated a threshold defined as the mean acceleration plus 0.5 standard deviation over each trial.
Compared to the CSA instruments, a significantly increased (9.95%) mean acceleration response was observed post hoc in the batch of MTI instruments, in which a significantly reduced inter-instrumental reliability was observed over time.
Furthermore, a significantly reduced inter-instrument reliability was observed over time post hoc in the MTI monitors, and when compared to the CSA instruments a significantly increased (9.95%) mean acceleration response was observed in the batch of MTI instruments.
6 8 12 14 16 20 21 This difference is influenced strongly by the no-injury case selection criteria, for example, the acceleration threshold applied in the instrumented helmets to record an impact will affect the mean acceleration of no-injury impacts whereas in the current study, only clearly observable head impacts were analysed.
In the current study, the inferior component of linear acceleration (−Z) had significant differences (p<0.001) between concussion and no-injury cases (figure 1), with a mean peak acceleration of 32.4 g (SD 24.6 g) for concussion cases.
Results revealed a significantly (p = 0.002) increased mean acceleration response of 10.7% in the MTI instruments, indicating that the diversity previously observed three years earlier apparently mirrored a more universal disparity across the two generations of instruments.
Also, transoesophageal ECHO Doppler was performed at the end of inspiration and end of expiration to calculate the mean acceleration (ACmean), as a marker of the RV outflow impedance, 20 minutes after a steady state of both CV and OLC ventilation.
This geometry is used in defining a composite trajectory which has a mean square acceleration lower than that on the optimal r.m.s.
The shock spectrum based damage boundary curve specifies the response of a specimen (fragility), to a given shock pulse, in terms of its velocity change, mean acceleration, pulse duration and shape.
Additional features, such as mean speed excluding stops, mean acceleration, mean deceleration, both acceleration/deceleration changes, yaw, and a combination of other physical measurements may be used to measure a driver's behavior, as discussed in [80].
