Aside from one light-demanding species (Homolanthus populneus), there was never an instance when at least one marked leaf could not be found on each branch (for H. populneus, LL was conservatively estimated at two months in subsequent analyses).
The marked leaf epinasty suggested at first sight an over-production of ethylene by those leaves, yet, in spite of an increased expression of the ACO1 gene, which is known to be involved in ethylene biosynthesis in tomato [ 20], no ethylene production could be measured under our experimental conditions.
After analysis, the marked leaf areas were excised, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C for further protein and RNA extraction.
In addition, the young leaves of boron deficient trees often show yellowish translucent spots, accompanied by marked leaf distortions or deformations, and old or mature leaves may show corky, split veins and midribs.
During the dual-choice assay, R. porosum individuals showed a marked preference for leaf discs from control plants over those from B. cinerea-infested plants (Fig. 4A).
During the dual-choice assay, F. occidentalis individuals showed a marked preference for leaf discs from control plants over those from B. cinerea-infested plants (Fig. 4B).
In addition, OsNAP RNAi transgenic plants displayed a marked delay of leaf senescence.
For instance, a single nucleotide deletion in the promoter of the PTS/ TKD1 gene results in a marked change of leaf complexity as seen in S. galapagense[ 31].
In contrast, strawberry plants experiencing heat shock treatment exhibited a marked increase in leaf NO content, despite similar NR expression levels with control samples.
As shown in Fig. 4A, O2-induced lipid peroxidation was associated with a marked enhancement of leaf disc autoluminescence, as expected.
