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The absolute FA error is lower and yields a lower variance with our new full tensor algorithm (see Figure 4).
In contrast, data presented by Woxvold [ 26] suggest a lower variance with increasing group size for apostle birds (Struthidea cinerea), emphasizing that breeding systems, among other factors, need to be considered.
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A lower variance is associated with attenuated relationships, and may manifest as differences between groups that are artifacts of the lack of weak invariance, particularly when examining moderators or mediators [ 20].
The GRand PaRIS algorithm outperforms the fixed-lag methods for any value of the lag as the bias is the lowest (it is already negligible for N = 400) and with a lower variance than fixed lag estimates with negligible bias (i.e., in this case, lags larger than 10).
This suggests that the environments that do contribute to female depression comprise factors that have a similar variance (or even a lower variance) in Sri Lanka compared with the West.
This indicates that larger competitors will choose borrowers that offer a lower variance in returns, and industries with the least volatility in loan non-performance (the measure of asymmetric information in this study).
The Block Leaky Least Mean Square (BLLMS) algorithm, being the solution of the steepest descent strategy for minimizing the mean squared error in a complete signal occurrence, is shown to be steady-state unbiased and with a lower variance than the LMS algorithm.
Here, keep λ for the remaining predictors fixed at their determined value, i.e. from ELM for predictors with a lower variance, and from step (3) otherwise.
The second and third lines reflect the fact that an individual with a lower variance in progeny number than the average individual has higher fitness, as originally described by Gillespie (1974).
Further study could assess if, among these alleles, alleles' frequencies are correlated with a higher mean and/or a lower variance in age of onset.
As any exponential distribution has CV = 1, a distribution with CV>1 has a higher variance in units of the mean value than the null expectation, whereas CV<1 indicates a lower variance than expected.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com