However, the NFU said there was no reason to suggest a lower quality crop.
Futures in commodities had existed for more than a century, enabling farmers to insure themselves against lower crop prices.
In Africa, lower crop yields could lead to a 12% rise in food prices, in a region where people spend as much as 60% of their income on food.
Some organochlorine pesticides suppress nitrogen-fixing bacteria from replenishing natural nitrogen fertilizer in soil, resulting in lower crop yields, stunted growth, and an ever-greater need for additives to boost production.
(Iowans sell a lot of food to China).Livestock farmers benefit from lower crop prices, which mean cheaper animal feed.
Equipment sales were hurt by lower crop prices, sagging construction activity and currency exchange rates.
In some areas of the world, the nutrients are in short supply, resulting in lower crop yields.
The assessment said pollinator declines could lead to lower crop yields, raising prices for consumers and reducing agricultural profits.
India, Indonesia and Australia are likely to become much drier, increasing the chances of wildfires, lower crop production and rising food prices.
